What Is Quid Pro Quo?

Quid pro quo is a Latin term meaning “this for that.” It occurs when the victim’s response to sexual advances is used as a basis for employment decisions, such as the firing or demotion of the employee. Such sexual advances do not have to be overt; the request can be hinted at or communicated non-verbally. If a supervisor offers an employee a raise that is contingent upon his or her agreement to engage in sexual acts, that behavior constitutes quid pro quo harassment.

Quid pro quo sexual harassment can manifest in a variety of ways, and it is essential for employees and employers alike to recognize the signs. Understanding the nuances can empower victims to come forward and can help employers maintain a safe and respectful work environment. Below are some typical examples of behaviors that qualify as quid pro quo harassment:

• Promotion Offers: A supervisor promising an employee a promotion in exchange for sexual favors.
• Threats of Termination: An employer threatening to fire an employee unless they comply with their sexual advances.
• Favorable Assignments: A manager offering an employee a preferred assignment or project if they engage in a romantic or sexual relationship with them.
• Pay Raises: An employee being told they’ll receive a salary increase if they submit to sexual requests or activities.
• Training Opportunities: Withholding professional development or training opportunities unless the employee agrees to sexual demands.
• Performance Reviews: Giving an unfairly negative performance review because an employee declined a manager’s sexual advances, or giving a positive review in exchange for submission to such advances.
• Exclusion from Activities: Threatening to exclude the employee from essential work events or meetings unless they acquiesce to unwanted sexual attention.

In the workplace, recognizing the signs of quid pro quo harassment is critical. Such behaviors can gravely impact the victim’s career trajectory, mental well-being, and overall job satisfaction. Every employee has the right to work in an environment free from such coercive practices, and understanding these common manifestations is a step toward ensuring a safe workplace for all.